Searching SOCIndex

For this search I used SOCIndex. 

I started first with natural language and used the terms ADHD AND Kids AND Treatment. I also narrowed my search to the limiters of published between the years 2007 to 2017 and was looking for results that were in the English language. With these search terms I received 23 results. 

Of the first three results I had documents with the following titles: 

A Systemic Approach to Pediatric Chronis Health Conditions: Why We Need to Address Parental Stress. 

The indirect effects of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on alcohol problems in adulthood through unique facets of impulsivity.

Effectiveness of an Individualized Case Formulation-Based CBT for Non-responding Youths with Anxiety Disorders. 

The first article talks about parents stress levels being affected by having a child with health conditions. The second is a study that looked at links between having ADHD as a child and being an alcoholic as an adult. The third is a study of the effectiveness of specific individualized therapy for children with ADHD. 

Of the first 15 results I believe the third is the best and the only one that correctlymeets my search terms 

Next, I used controlled language by using Socindex Subject Terms. I first searched ADHD and they recommended I use attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, for kids they recommend children, and for treatment they suggested using treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Using these terms (treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder AND children) along with my limiters of published between 2007-2017 and written in the English language I received 39 results. 

The titles for the two best results were:

Result 3: ADHD in Germany: Trends in Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapy. 

Result 11: Interventions Developed for Psychiatric and Behavioral treatment in the Children's ADHD Telemental Health Treatment Study. 

The third result covers ADHD diagnosis and treatment that focuses on a 6 year period from age 15. 

The eleventh result is a study that covers 6 session of intervention of children in underserved families with ADHD

Overall I believe that both natural and controlled language worked about the same on Socindex for my specific search terms. They both retrieved articles that matched my terms and also articled that did not match my terms. However I did notice that controlled language brought back more results on the first page that matched my subject terms more accurately.  In the future when using this database I would probably still use both natural and controlled due to them retrieving different articles that matched my terms on the first page of results. 

One content thing that I learned was that the prevalence of ADHD in adults has risen in recent years and that it is still lower than epidemiological studies shows and that ADHD in adults is going underdiagnosed an undertreated (Bachmann, 141). 

References:

Bachmann, C. J., Philipsen, A., & Hoffman, F. (2017). ADHD in Germany: Trends in Diagnosis and Pharmacotherapy. Deutsches Aerzteblatt International, 114(9), 141-148. https://dio-org.ezp.twu.edu/10.3238/arzetebl.2017.0141

Searching using Academic Search Complete

I first starting my search using Natural Language and simply just searched ADHD as well as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder and limited my search to only bring back results that were published within the range of 2015-2018, were full text articles, and were scholarly or peer reviewed. These both brought back over 2,000 results as shown below.


Looking through the results it seemed as if they were mostly all about some type of ADHD but 2,0000 results is just too many for me so I decided to search using controlled language. Academic Search Complete (ASC) offers a Thesaurus of terms which they called Subject Terms. This is located at the top of the search page 

After clicking on this it brings you to the page that gives you the option to search or scroll through their subject terms (shown below). I searched within the subject terms for ADHD and got an error message in red notifying me that the term I searched could not be found.    However, when I scrolled down I saw the following matches.ADHD was the first term listed and next to it they advised that I use ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder. From here I scrolled back to the top and input these terms, exactly as they had them, into the search box. I also limited my search again to 2015-2018, full text, peer reviewed and again receive over 2,000 results. I then decided to use the building block search and enter in the Boolean term (and) then adding children and used the same limiters.
 

With the results list still being well over 1,000 I added another boolean (and) followed by intervention. 

With all the same limiters and the boolean phrases ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder (and) children (and) intervention I received 300 results, which I am happy with. Looking through the results I found two that I thought might be useful to me. I eliminated the first one titled "Pathways to care and clinical profile of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in New Delhi, India." after reading the absract. I eliminated this one due to the abstract stating that during their study some of their findings were based on households in where the family was illiterate, due to me being based in the US and that not being a major issue here as it is there I concluded that this data would not be ideal for me to use.
The one that I found to be the best hit for me was "Interventions for ADHD in Children and Teens: A Focus on ADHD Coaching." This article acknowledges that ADHD continues on into adulthood and that it can impact academic and/or occupational achievement. "ADHD is one of the most widely treated dis- orders in the field of child and adoles- cent psychiatry, with between 5% and 10% of children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD worldwide" (Antshel, 2015). The majority of this article outlines different studies that have been done using various styles and types of coaching interventions for children and teens with ADHD. I learned that there are various styles and types of interventions that can be used for ADHD treatment/control and that ADHD is the most widely treated adolescent psychiatric disorder. ADHD is also most commonly treated with medication and that medication does not help all children nor does it help with academic achievement and can have side effects. Interventions can reduce the need for medication and when used together can improve function. Overall conducting my searches through JSTOR and ASC I had no problems finding information about ADHD that I could use. When applying the limiters of published from 2015-18 and the boolean AND with my terms ADHD, Children, Intervention I only received 29 results on JSTOR and I feel as if that is too small of an amount of results for me to have a good idea of the topic and to be able to find an article that matches my topic and search terms. 

Grant Searching using SPIN

SPIN is part of InfoEd Global. SPIN is an online database that provides information from over 10,000 sponsors about Federal, Non-federal, and international funding opportunities.

When first opening SPIN it brings you straight to the search page. In the top right corner they give you the option to login if you have an account.


 Under the search drop down they give you the option to search Text, keyword, or advanced.

Text Search

Keyword Search

Advanced Search

For my search I used the default option of Text Search. 

The subject topic I was looking for was Attention deficit hyperactive disorder. 

Natural 

I first searched using natural language which I found to be the acronym ADHD. Some people do not know what each letter in ADHD stands for they just associate it with not paying attention. 

Using Natural language I received 5 results. 

The titles of the first two include the acronym ADHD, the others did not include it in the title but it is referenced within the post. 

Controlled 

Before I began my search using controlled language I looked up my search topic in Controlled Vocabulary Thesaurus' to get an idea of what terms to use. I searched the Library of Congress Subject Headings, the ERIC Thesaurus, U.S. National Library of Medicine Subject Headings (MeSH).

(LC Subject Heading)

(ERIC Thesaurus)

(MeSH)

After searching through controlled languages I began my search. I started with Attention Deficit Disorder since that showed up on all three Subject heading searches. I received the same 5 Results. 

I also tried Hyperkinetic Disorder and hyperkinesis but retrieved no results. From this I can tell that SPIN doesn't use controlled terminology but instead they go off of that the Grants are labeled as and what is mentioned in the proposals. 

The best result was the third result. 

This result was a funding opportunity for developing and testing the effectiveness of "post acute phase therapeutic and services interventions" for management of mental health disorders such as anxiety, mood disorders, ADHD, psychotic disorders etc. There has been little to no study in this area in order to improve long term success in managing these disorders. 

Searching SPIN was simply and successful. I tried a couple different search topic languages and received the same results with most of them, but when I used terms that were too medical based I didn't retrieve any results. Of the results I did receive all pertained to the topic of ADHD which was nice because I didn't have to dig for what I wanted. SPIN gave me low recall and high precision which is ideal when searching a specific topic. 

What are Natural and Controlled Languages?

Natural Language is everyday language, meaning that when you search using natural language you are searching by terms you would use when talking to someone. A common example of Natural language searching is Google searching.

Natural language searching brings back high recall but low precision (a huge amount of results, a lot of them not matching the topic you searched)

Positives: Anyone can do it, not all databases use Controlled language, high number or results. 

Negatives: Low precision

Controlled Language is language that is predetermined by an organization. Organizations create a list (thesaurus) of acceptable terms to use for searching. The terms, when used, bring back low recall and high precision (small amount of results, most or all matching search topic).

When teaching a term it will only bring back results that match your term or a hierarchal term. For words that could have multiple meanings, for example, desert does that mean to leave? or a hot sandy region? you can control for this and only receiver results based on the meaning you want to look for by checking the thesaurus and scope notes.

Controlled vocabularies allow for hierarchies. For each term there is a broader term (BT), narrower term (NT), related term (RT), Scope note (SN), used for (UF), and "see" (USE) for most terms.

Ex.
Toes                              
   BT Foot                          

Shoe                              
   NT Running shoe

Athletes
   RT Sports                

Advertising-Bus lines
   UF Bus lines-Advertising              
                                                              (Example retrieved from ERIC Thesaurus https://eric.ed.gov/?)

SN- A note under the subject heading that describes the meaning of the term.

USE-When searching a term that is not a controlled vocabulary term it will have USE listed and the term that is a controlled vocabulary term that will bring back the desired results.

Positives: Consistent representation of the term, hierarchies, high precision

Negatives: Not all organizations use it.